Wednesday, October 17, 2018

Have Religious Festivals Capitalised On Our Natural Biorhythms?


Picture by Scott Murdoch at Burst
Call me a miserable old bag but this is not my favourite time of year. 
Yes, I appreciate the beauty of a misty autumnal morning or the warm balmy Indian summers that we enjoy in the UK, but for me, these don't make up for the shroud of darkness that creeps over us as the season takes hold. In fact, it's the shortening days that get to me more than the weather (which can be appalling at any time of year). As sunset times get earlier, so we have to cram all our outdoor activities, like walking the dog, into fewer and fewer hours. Our children trudge home from after-school clubs in the dark. The bike lights and reflective gear come out. The washing lines come down and the tumble dryer wakes up from its summer hibernation and trundles away, adding to the sounds of the rediscovered central heating.
By the end of October, when the clocks go back, the darkness is really upon us, and although we still have a way to go until the winter solstice in December, for me, this is the most depressing time, for which an extra hour in bed is no compensation. In fact, by the time we do reach the shortest day, I'm starting to feel a bit more hopeful, and even those dreadful dark mornings of January hold a tinge of optimism as I know the tide has turned and the light is coming back. 
It seems as if I'm suffering from some kind of displaced seasonal affective disorder until you look at the pagan wheel of the year. The end of October marks the midpoint between the autumnal equinox and the winter solstice and is observed by the festival of Samhain. The pagan legend goes that at this time, the Green Man dies and the Goddess, his mother, goes into deep mourning for her lost son. It signifies the start of the dark half of the year and is a sombre occasion.
But the mood changes at the winter solstice, where pagans celebrate 'Yule', the rebirth of the sun, with lights and decorations of mistletoe, holly, ivy and evergreens. It is a joyous time where people get together to eat and drink and exchange gifts to celebrate. Sounds familiar? It is no coincidence that Christians have taken over this occasion for the celebration of the birth of their son and used pretty much all the pagan traditions to do so. I mean, why else would the birth of the son of God be marked by a fir tree covered in lights and shiny things?
And going back to Samhain, the time of mourning the dead, pagans believe that this is a time when the barrier between the living and the dead is at its thinnest, and they hold seances to communicate with the deceased. Unsurprisingly, this is exactly the same time that Christians celebrate All Saints' Eve (Halloween) and All Saints Day: a time where the bond between those in heaven and on earth is honoured. But it is more as a result of the pagan origins that children dress up as ghosts and go trick-or-treating.
This is not the only annual pagan event that Christianity has used for its own end. Easter is the other big one. The word 'Easter' comes from 'Ostara' or 'Eostre', the festival that occurs at the spring equinox in March. It is, in fact, where the word 'Estrogen', the female sex hormone, comes from. Christians celebrate the rising of Christ from the grave, but in fact, it is a time of celebrating the rising fertility of the earth and its creatures. That's what all the eggs and bunnies are about!
There are other pagan festivals that Christians have taken over for their less significant events. Imbalc, in February, marks the first signs of life by honouring the Goddess Brigid, which Christians have made St Bridget. And, of course, we have St Valentine at that time too. Then there is Mabon, a time of celebrating the harvest and making preparations for the winter, that has become the Christian harvest festival. Beltane, on Mayday, which honours life, also appears in the Christian calendar. In fact, of the eight pagan wheel-of-the-year events, Christianity has annexed six!
I'm guessing the reason for this is that at the time Christians were imposing their faith on Europe, most people held pagan beliefs, and it was easier to get them to accept the new faith if it was latched onto existing customs. A bit like hiding peas inside ketchup to get your child to eat them. One can only imagine the political wheeling and dealing that went on amongst the hierarchy of both camps and the obliviousness of the poor people whose lives were affected.
This takeover, I think, has been made all the more effective by tapping into our natural annual rhythms that the pagans illustrate so poetically with their legends. We may not all feel as cheesed off as I do in the autumn, but many of us have a rising sense of wellbeing in the springtime. I think we are all, to some extent emotionally tuned in to the seasonal changes. What better occasions to garner people's spiritual allegiance than when they're naturally inclined to be feeling that way anyway? Clever. Even the times of day that religions like to worship – morning and evening – are the same as those that pre or non-religious people used as a time for reflection, as the rising and setting of the sun were considered to be moments of great significance.
So, as I watch the daylight hours get shorter and race around to get things done before it gets dark and find something for my bored children to do in the long evenings, I look forward to Yuletide, when the sun stands still and then slowly starts its journey back to us, and hope that one day, these beautiful and meaningful events, which already exist within us, will be widely embraced, regardless of faith.


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